Engineering Symbols Reference
Quickly copy Greek, Roman, and Mathematical symbols commonly used in engineering reports and equations (click on a symbol to copy to clipboard)
Greek Letters
| Uppercase | Lowercase | Name | Common Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| Α | α | Alpha | Angular acceleration, absorption coefficient |
| Β | β | Beta | Thermal expansion coefficient, angle |
| Γ | γ | Gamma | Specific weight, surface tension |
| Δ | δ | Delta | Change, difference, deflection |
| Ε | ε | Epsilon | Strain, emissivity, small quantity |
| Θ | θ | Theta | Temperature, angle |
| Λ | λ | Lambda | Wavelength, eigenvalue |
| Μ | μ | Mu | Friction coefficient, micro prefix |
| Ξ | ξ | Xi | Random variable, damping ratio |
| Π | π | Pi | Constant (3.14159...), product notation |
| Σ | σ | Sigma | Summation, stress, standard deviation |
| Φ | φ | Phi | Magnetic flux, potential angle |
| Ψ | ψ | Psi | Stream function, angle |
| Ω | ω | Omega | Ohm (Ω), angular velocity |
Mathematical Operators
| Symbol | Name | Common Uses |
|---|---|---|
| ∑ | Summation | Sum of a series of terms |
| ∏ | Product | Product of a sequence of factors |
| ∫ | Integral | Continuous summation over a range |
| ∂ | Partial Derivative | Derivative with respect to one variable |
| ∇ | Gradient / Nabla | Vector of partial derivatives |
| ∆ | Delta / Increment | Change in a variable |
| ∞ | Infinity | Limitless quantity or boundless domain |
| ∴ | Therefore | Logical conclusion or result |
| ∵ | Because | Indicates reason or premise |
Set Theory & Logic Symbols
| Symbol | Name | Common Uses |
|---|---|---|
| ∈ | Element of | Indicates membership in a set |
| ∉ | Not element of | Indicates non-membership in a set |
| ⊂ | Proper Subset | Represents subset that is not equal to the set |
| ⊆ | Subset | Represents a subset that may be equal to the set |
| ∪ | Union | Union of sets, combining elements |
| ∩ | Intersection | Common elements of sets |
| ∅ | Empty Set | Represents a set with no elements |
| ⊄ | Not Subset | Set is not a subset of another |
| ∨ | Logical OR | Used in logic, Boolean expressions |
| ∧ | Logical AND | Used in logic, Boolean expressions |
| ¬ | Logical NOT | Negation in logic expressions |
| ⇒ | Implies | Indicates logical implication |
| ⇔ | If and only if | Logical equivalence |
Technical Symbols
| Symbol | Name | Common Uses |
|---|---|---|
| ° | Degree | Angles, temperature |
| ′ | Prime / Minute | Angle minutes, time minutes |
| ″ | Double Prime / Second | Angle seconds, time seconds |
| ± | Plus-minus | Tolerance, error margin |
| × | Multiplication / Cross | Multiplication, cross product |
| · | Dot | Dot product, multiplication |
| √ | Square Root | Mathematical root |
| ∝ | Proportional To | Direct proportionality |
| → | Right Arrow | Vector, mapping, direction |
| ← | Left Arrow | Direction or assignment |
| ↔ | Double Arrow | Bidirectional relation |
About Engineering Symbols Reference
The Engineering Symbols Reference is a practical, easy-to-use library of Greek letters, Roman letters with diacritics, mathematical operators, set theory & logic symbols, and technical notation commonly used in engineering reports, equations, CAD notes, and academic papers. Each symbol is clickable to instantly copy to clipboard, making it easy to quickly insert into any document.
This reference includes:
- Greek letters (α, β, Δ, Ω) for variables, coefficients, and constants
- Roman letters with diacritics (x̄, ŷ, p̂) for averages, estimated values, and normalized quantities
- Mathematical operators (∑, ∫, ∇, ∆) for summation, integration, gradients, and changes
- Set theory and logic symbols (∈, ∪, ∧, ⇒) for membership, unions, intersections, and logical statements
- Technical symbols (°, ±, →, ←) for angles, tolerances, vectors, and directional notation
Using this reference saves time, ensures accuracy, and allows engineers, students, and researchers to quickly copy and paste symbols directly into their work. No memorization, LaTeX commands, or special software is needed — just click a symbol to use it anywhere.